Middle childhood, which represents the primary school years, is one of the most important developmental stages in a person's life, witnessing rapid mental, physical, and social interactions. Based on this understanding, the study sought to develop a proposed assessment model to comprehensively measure mental and physical abilities among primary school students in Babil Governorate, relying on precise field-based scientific foundations. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational approach, with a stratified random sample of 100 male and female students from grades four to six, aged between 9 and 12 years. The research tools included mental tests covering visual concentration, short-term memory, and abstract thinking, as well as physical tests such as balance, agility, motor coordination, and general flexibility. After conducting a pilot experiment and analyzing the data using statistical tools such as Pearson's coefficient and regression analysis, the results showed that the sample's mental and motor performance ranged between average and good, with no statistically significant differences by gender. No statistically significant correlation was recorded between mental and physical abilities. The results indicate the importance of adopting comprehensive assessment models that take into account all dimensions of a student's development, not just the cognitive aspect. The recommendations also support the design of balanced educational and training programs that address the development of both mental and motor aspects independently and in an integrated manner, while emphasizing the elimination of any gender-based discrimination in the distribution of activities within the educational environment.