This article explores the evolving caste dynamics and shifting political landscape in Punjab, historically dominated by the Jat community. The Green Revolution initially bolstered Jat hegemony, but subsequent agricultural stagnation has led to their declining influence. In contrast, Scheduled Castes (SC) have emerged as assertive political actors, challenging traditional power structures. Factors such as demographic shifts, Dalit assertion, and educational advancements have empowered SC groups, reshaping Punjab's political fabric. Despite the recent appointment of Punjab's first Dalit Chief Minister, challenges remain in consolidating the Dalit vote bank. Amidst these changes, Jats continue to wield considerable influence, yet the political terrain is undergoing profound reconfiguration. This article analyzes the socio-economic transformations and political developments driving these changes, highlighting the evolving dynamics of caste politics in Punjab.